Global Supply Chain Management in a Volatile World: Strategic Responses, Digital Tools, and Sustainability Perspectives

Global supply chains are increasingly exposed to volatility arising from geopolitical tensions, pandemics, climate change, energy transitions, and rapid technological disruption. This review article synthesizes contemporary academic literature to examine how organizations respond strategically to supply chain volatility through resilience-oriented strategies, digital technologies, and sustainability-driven transformations. Drawing on 45 referenced studies from peer-reviewed journals, preprints, and conference publications, the paper integrates perspectives on risk management, digitalization (Industry 4.0, AI, blockchain), decision sciences, and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) imperatives. The review develops an integrative framework linking volatility drivers, strategic responses, enabling digital tools, and sustainability outcomes. Practical implications for managers and future research directions are also discussed.