Design and Implementation of a Wi-Fi Controlled Multi- Functional Agricultural Robot for Precision Farming

The rapid advancement of embedded systems and wireless communication technologies has enabled significant progress in agricultural automation. This paper presents the design and development of a Wi- Fi controlled smart agricultural robot based on the ESP32 microcontroller. The proposed system integrates multiple farming operations including ploughing, seed sowing, irrigation, and grass cutting into a single automated platform. The ESP32 serves as the central processing unit, managing motion control, actuator operation, and wireless communication with a mobile-based control interface. The system is designed to reduce human labor, improve operational efficiency, and provide a cost-effective solution for small and mediumscale agricultural applications. Experimental evaluation of the prototype demonstrates stable communication, reliable actuator control, and effective multi-tasking capability under practical field conditions.