Evaluating the durability of concrete structures in marine environments: Case research study of coastal construction

The durability of concrete structures in marine environments remains a critical concern for civil engineering, particularly in coastal regions where the risk of damage due to environmental conditions is heightened. Marine environments subject concrete structures to chloride ion ingress, carbonation, and sulphate attack, leading to significant deterioration over time. This research evaluates the durability of concrete structures subjected to the harsh conditions of coastal construction through case research in a high-risk marine environment. The objective of the research is to identify the key factors influencing concrete degradation, assess the longevity of existing coastal constructions, and recommend strategies for improving their durability. Concrete samples were collected from several coastal construction sites and analyzed for their resistance to chloride penetration, cracking, and other common forms of deterioration. The case research reveals that factors such as the water-to-cement ratio, use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), and the incorporation of corrosion inhibitors play significant roles in enhancing the durability of concrete. Additionally, the research highlights the importance of regular maintenance and monitoring of coastal structures to mitigate the long-term effects of environmental exposure. The findings suggest that while traditional concrete mixtures are susceptible to marine degradation, advanced materials and proper construction practices can significantly improve the lifespan of coastal structures. Recommendations include optimizing mix designs, using corrosion-resistant reinforcement, and implementing protective surface treatments. This research provides valuable insights into the factors that affect concrete durability in marine environments and proposes practical measures to extend the service life of coastal infrastructure.