Analysis and Design of 3D-Printed Concrete Walls

This study investigates the structural performance of 3D?printed concrete wall panels subjected to axial compression, with the aim of evaluating their suitability for load?bearing applications. Although 3D concrete printing has rapidly advanced as a promising construction technology capable of reducing material waste and enabling complex geometries, the mechanical behavior of printed structural elements remains insufficiently understood. In particular, the layer?wise deposition process introduces interlayer and intralayer interfaces that has an influence on the overall structural response. In this study, full?scale 3D?printed concrete wall specimens were tested under axial loading to examine their load?carrying capacity and failure mechanisms. A finite element (FE) framework was also developed to simulate the response of printed walls while explicitly incorporating the effects of interlayer bond strength. The accuracy of the FE model was verified against experimental results in the available literature. The findings contribute to improving the structural assessment of 3D?printed load?bearing walls and support the development of analytical tools for future design methodologies.