Exercise-based interventions for women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy-related metabolic disorder associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes and an increased risk of future diabetes. Exercise has been recommended as a non-pharmacological strategy for the management of GDM; however, clear guidelines are limited. This literature review aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise interventions on glycaemic control and pregnancy outcomes in women diagnosed with GDM.A computerized literature search was conducted using PubMed, Science Direct, and the Cochrane Database, including studies published between 2015 and 2019. Thirteen studies comprising randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and cohort studies were analyzed. The findings indicate that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, resistance training, or a combination of both performed regularly during pregnancy improves postprandial blood glucose control and insulin sensitivity without adverse maternal or neonatal effects.In conclusion, exercise is a safe and effective adjunct in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus. Further research is required to establish standardized exercise guidelines for women with GDM.