Impact of heat stress on bull fertility: A comprehensive physiological and manage mental review
Abstract
Global climate change represents a formidable challenge to the sustainability of the livestock sector. With global surface temperatures rising by 1.1 °C in the last decade and projected to increase further, the reproductive efficiency of breeding bulls is under threat. This review elucidates the physiological mal-adaptations caused by heat stress, specifically the failure of testicular thermoregulation and the subsequent endocrine and molecular disruptions. It details the biphasic biological response to stress, the cascade of oxidative damage and apoptosis in germ cells, and the
Fields of Study & Subjects
Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
Sperm and Testicular Function
Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
Publication details
- Journal / source
- International Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 465–470
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026