Prevalence of reproductive failures in dairy animals: Insights from selected districts of Mid-Karnataka

This study evaluated the prevalence of infertility-related reproductive disorders in dairy cattle and buffaloes presented at animal health camps conducted by veterinarians under BAIF auspices in Karnataka. Across 100 animal health checkup camps were conducted in 100 selected villages during August 2024 to March 2025 within districts of Davanagere, Haveri, and Chitradurga which was financially supported by the IDFC-Shwetdhara project. A total of 1,548 dairy animals were examined for infertility-related concerns based on owner anamnesis. A subset of animals underwent further diagnostic testing to identify specific infertility etiologies. The overall distribution of infertility etiologies indicated that delayed puberty was the most prevalent (38.11%), followed by anoestrus (33.56%), repeat breeding (27.15%), pyometra (0.67%), and other infertility-associated conditions (0.51%) like under growth of reproductive organs, kinked cervix, prolonged heat, cystic ovaries etc. All other symptoms were considerably (p?0.05) greater in cross-bred cows except for delayed puberty. Delayed puberty was significantly more prevalent in local non-descriptive cows compared with cross-bred cows (p