Modern methods of radiological diagnosis of osteoporosis. Part 2: cone-beam CT, magnetic resonance imaging, texture analysis: a review

Introduction: Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitectonics. Osteoporosis often remains undetected until the first pathologic fracture of vertebrae, proximal femur or other bones. With the rapidly aging world population, early diagnosis of osteoporosis has become an important public health issue. Objective: To present current data on the methods of radiologic diagnosis of osteoporosis using cone-beam computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and texture analysis. Material and methods: We searched for scientific publications and clinical recommendations in the information-analytical systems eLIBRARY.RU and PubMed for 2005–2024 using the following keywords: osteoporosis, cone-beam CT, magnetic resonance imaging, texture analysis, bone mineral density. Results: A total of 454 articles were analyzed, 31 of which were used for the review. Conclusions: The methods of radiologic diagnostics of osteoporosis presented in this review have their own prospects for development and improvement. The analysis of scientific data on the described methods shows the undying interest in each of the methods.