Empowering future mathematics educators: Designing e-IBCA learning model to enhance decision-making skills

Decision-making skills must be trained in future mathematics educators because 21st-century skills have become a core component of teaching students. There is a need to develop new learning models to enhance students' decision-making abilities effectively. The decision-making skills of mathematics teacher candidates can be developed by giving them problem HOTS. The learning model designed is e-IBCA, which is short for electronic, with the syntax (1) Identifying the problem, (2) Building an idea, (3) Clarifying the idea, and (4) Assessing the reasonableness of the idea. This Research and Development study uses the model by Dick et al. (2015), which has four stages: planning, development, implementation, and evaluation, with revisions carried out continuously at each step. The research results show that teaching and student characteristics were analyzed at the planning stage. The development stage carried out the design of e-IBCA learning models, instruments, and learning tools with valid results. At the implementation stage, trials have yielded practical, effective results. At the evaluation stage, the e-IBCA learning model is feasible and can be used to develop future mathematics teachers' decision-making abilities. These findings suggest that the e-IBCA learning model can equip future mathematics teachers with 21st-century skills.