Una genealogía del islam político: del proyecto panislamista a la organización de los Hermanos Musulmanes

This article aims to reconstruct contemporary political Islam from a genealogical perspective by analyzing the ideological connectionbetween the magazine Al-‘Urwa al-Wuṯqà, published in 1884, and the political project developed by the Muslim Brotherhood since its founding in 1928. The guiding question of this research is how Islam has been articulated as a transnational political subject since the late nineteenth century, generating imaginaries, practices, andstructures that challenge the nation-state order inherited from colonialism. The study is based on a critical documentary review of doctrinal, historical, and political sources, and it employs a historical-critical and postcolonial analytical framework. Textual analysis and sociopolitical interpretation procedures are combined to examine the discourses, projects, and impacts of both historical moments. The qualitative findings reveal a line of continuity between nineteenth-century anticolonial pan-Islamism and Islamist political praxis in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, which makes it possible to understand political Islam as a strategic actor in the reconfiguration of regional power. The article examines how Al-‘Urwa al-Wuṯqà formulated a comprehensive critique of European imperialism and local authoritarianism, promoting the unity of the Muslim community as the basis of a religious sovereignty. It also analyzes how this legacy was transformed in the Muslim Brotherhood’s actions, particularly after the Arab Spring. It concludes that political Islam not only remains relevant as an ideology but also plays a central role in contemporary disputes over legitimacy, authority, and sovereignty in the Islamic world. The contribution of this work is relevant for both political-legal studies and the humanities. A genealogical reconstruction that links the intellectual origins of political Islam with its contemporary institutionalization makes it possible to place both discourses within a single interpretive framework and to highlight an underexplored ideological continuity. In this way, the mechanisms through which Islam has been reconfigured to respond to the demands of the state, modernity, and globalization are brought to light.