A review of the evolution of ESG controversies literature with a focus on the ADO-TCM integrative framework

The current business environment is characterized by globalization, geopolitical instability and rapid changes created by technological advancements, especially in the area of artificial intelligence and automation. In this complex and volatile environment, events associated with corporate actions with potential negative impact on environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices pose significant risks to enterprises, as well as to society. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of ESG controversies applying a systematic literature and bibliometric analysis. Principles of PRISMA 2020 and SPAR-4-SRL were utilized to study a sample of 137 articles derived from the Scopus database for the period 2018–2025, in the dimensions of publication performance and trends, science mapping and content analysis. First results reveal a rapid scientific development of the field and a strong interdisciplinary nature. ESG controversies are directly linked to the financial performance, reputation and sustainability of companies. Enterprises with strong corporate governance mechanisms, gender diversity and transparent accountability processes demonstrate greater resilience and ability to manage ESG crises.