The Holmes Unified Scaling Relation: Metric Yield and Trigonal Symmetry in Interstellar Object Dynamics

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Authors: Lee Holmes
Cited by: 0

Abstract

Interstellar Objects (ISOs) frequently exhibit small but measurable deviations from purely gravitational trajectories. This paper presents a phenomenological scaling relation, developed within the Phase 8 framework, that uses two parameters: the metric yield constant ϵ L = 0.049 and the trigonal geometric anchor Φ = 3. These parameters are motivated by earlier Phase 8 studies of structural symmetry and yield thresholds in metric-state models. We evaluate whether this scaling relation provides a coherent description of the observed anomalies in 1I/'Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov, and we outline a falsifiable forward prediction for the March 16, 2026 Jupiter transit of 3I/ATLAS.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Astro and Planetary Science Relativity and Gravitational Theory Stellar planetary and galactic studies

Publication details

Publication date
11 February 2026
Language
EN
Document type
Preprint