Intelectualidad, representación e historia mapuche. Wallmapu (Chile y Argentina), principios del siglo XXI

This research examines Mapuche intellectuals in their relationship with history, representation and their political struggle. It analyses how Mapuche historians seek to construct an autonomous discourse, although this may imply new forms of exclusion within their own people. The study is based on a critical review of Mapuche historiography and debates around colonialism, subalternity and nationhood. The problem of representation is highlighted: while Mapuche intellectuals seek to legitimise themselves as bearers of collective knowledge in the eyes of the non-Mapuche world, they can position themselves as elites within their communities. From this tension, the construction of the Mapuche nation is problematised, taking into account the frictions between identity, history and politics. The conclusion warns that Mapuche historiography has tended to try to overcome the silencing of subaltern experiences through ideas such as the «grey zones» of history, so this contribution allows us to propose moving towards a more inclusive and complex narrative of coloniality.