ФОРМУВАННЯ У МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ ПРИРОДНИЧИХ ПОНЯТЬ ТА ПРИРОДНИЧО-НАУКОВОЇ КАРТИНИ СВІТУ ЗАСОБАМИ АНАЛІЗУ ХУДОЖНІХ ТВОРІВ

The article reveals the features of the formation of scientific concepts about nature and the scientific picture of the world in younger schoolchildren by means of the analysis of literary works, which consists of ideas about the surrounding world. The scientific picture of the world synthesizes the most general and fundamental knowledge about nature. Through the integrative approach of the natural and linguistic and literary educational branches, it is possible to form environmental knowledge about the surrounding world, objects of living and inanimate nature, to actualize cognitive interest in the problem of preserving the natural environment by analyzing literary texts, enriching the pupils language vocabulary with bright and apt expressions about nature. The problem of forming scientific and natural concepts, realistic ideas about nature in younger schoolchildren, the formation of a holistic image of the world in the process of mastering various types of social experience, which includes a system of interdisciplinary integrated knowledge about nature and the art of the native word, value orientations in the upbringing of a caring attitude towards the environment by means of analyzing literary works: establishing connections and dependencies in nature between the state of the environment and human activity, interest in knowing the nature of one's land occupies a due place in the studies of past centuries and the present. This problem was given significant importance by J. Comenius, V. Sukhomlynsky, J. Pestalozzi, K. Ushinsky, and J. Rousseau.