Problematic aspects of enforcement proceedings regarding the collection of alimony

It is indicated that the stage of execution of court decisions in cases of alimony collection is decisive for the real provision of the rights and legitimate interests of the child. Despite the presence of extensive regulatory regulation and institutional mechanisms of forced execution, in practice the effectiveness of the implementation of the relevant judicial acts remains low. This necessitates the need for scientific understanding and systematization of the main problems that arise in the process of executing decisions on alimony collection. The article is devoted to the analysis of problematic aspects of enforcement proceedings regarding the collection of alimony as one of the key mechanisms for ensuring the realization of a child’s right to maintenance. It is emphasized that the effectiveness of judicial protection in alimony collection cases largely depends not on the court’s decision itself, but on its actual and timely enforcement. The study examines the current legislation of Ukraine in the field of enforcement proceedings, judicial practice, and the activities of state enforcement authorities and private bailiffs. Special attention is paid to the understanding of the concept of “willful evasion of alimony payment.” The main groups of problems arising during the enforcement of alimony orders are identified, including difficulties in determining the debtor’s income, evasion of obligations, use of unofficial sources of income, deficiencies in mechanisms for locating the debtor and their property, as well as procedural and organizational shortcomings of enforcement authorities. Particular emphasis is placed on the analysis of special measures affecting alimony debtors and the assessment of their practical effectiveness. It is noted that the coordination between courts, enforcement officers, and National Police units in locating debtors requires significant improvement. Additionally, international legal issues of enforcing alimony orders are highlighted, especially in cases where the debtor resides or works abroad. Based on the research results, proposals are formulated for improving the legal regulation of enforcement proceedings in alimony cases to enhance the practical enforceability of court decisions and ensure the proper protection of the rights and legitimate interests of the child.