Veteran entrepreneurship as a private law institution and a tool for economic reintegration

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of veteran entrepreneurship as an independent legal institute of private law and an important mechanism for the economic reintegration of veterans in Ukraine. It researches the legal status of subjects of veteran entrepreneurship, their rights and obligations, the conditions for obtaining and terminating this status, as well as state support mechanisms, including participation in national and municipal programs, receiving subsidies and grants, access to preferential lending, and specialized public procurement procedures. The legal regulation in Ukraine is analysed, in particular the Law of Ukraine “On Veteran Entrepreneurship” N 4563-IX, which for the first time officially consolidated the criteria for defining the subjects of veteran entrepreneurship and introduced a special legal support regime, combining the private-law and social aspects. The differences between veteran entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship are examined in terms of legal nature, purpose of activity, composition of subjects, and mechanisms of state support. National and international models are highlighted, including the experience of the United Kingdom and Israel, which demonstrate comprehensive approaches to supporting veterans through the combination of state, private, and civil resources, including financial, educational, mentoring, and innovative tools. The role of volunteer and civic initiatives, which contribute to creating sustainable conditions for the development of veteran entrepreneurship, is separately researched. The interdisciplinary nature of the study and its significance for shaping public policy, social integration of veterans, and economic development are emphasized. Conclusions are drawn regarding the prospects of veteran entrepreneurship for ensuring the economic self-realization of veterans, their social integration, and the activation of private-law economic relations. It is determined that further development of this institution requires the improvement of the legislative framework, expansion of institutional support, adaptation of international experience, and active coordination among the state, public organizations, and the private sector.