Systemic toxoplasmosis with central nervous system involvement in children following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case series

Until the recovery of adaptive immunity, recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) are at an increased risk of severe or even fatal infections. One such example is toxoplasmosis – a rare but an extremely dangerous complication in immunocompromised patients. The probability of Toxoplasma gondii reactivation after allo-HSCT is low and depends primarily on the serologic status of the donor and the recipient. Here, using as an example 4 clinical cases of cerebral toxoplasmosis in children after allo-HSCT, we want to emphasize the importance of timely and comprehensive testing, prevention and treatment of this complication in allo-HSCT patients.