The Impact of the Geopolitical Situation of World Economies on the Functioning of Global Supply Chains

Abstract The global expansion of trade and the associated multi-level disruptions are causing increasing complexity in supply chains and making them vulnerable to various types of change. One of the challenges currently facing participants in global supply chains is geopolitical and economic change. These are dominated by armed conflicts, political conflicts, and economic crises. They affect the conditions for international cooperation and the execution of deliveries. The aim of the research was to identify and evaluate the most important political and economic events of recent years that have influenced changes in the functioning of the global supply chain. The analysis used the desk research method of data from various reports from 2023–2025. The combination of quantitative and qualitative data enabled a multidimensional assessment of the resilience of supply chains to geopolitical turbulence. The results showed the key global economies and the actions they have taken that influence changes in the supply chain on a global scale. A comparison with the logistics performance of these economies also showed that the efficiency of the global supply chain depends not only on China’s production potential, but above all on the efficiency of flows and the quality of logistics corridors in Japan and EU countries.