Modulation of appetite- and metabolism-regulating hormones after bariatric embolization, sleeve gastrectomy, and gastric plication

Abstract Objective. The obesity is associated with profound disturbances in appetite-regulating and metabolic hormones including ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and insulin. Bariatric arterial embolization (BEA) has recently emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to established bariatric procedures. However, comparative endocrine evidence remains limited. The aim of the study was to assess postoperative changes in key metabolic and appetite-regulating hormones following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), laparoscopic gastric plication (LGP), and bariatric embolization of the gastric arteries (BEA). Methods. A total of 76 patients with obesity (BMI >35 kg/m²) were assigned to LSG (n=32), LGP (n=37), or BEA (n=7). Serum concentrations of total ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, insulin, and HbA1c were measured preoperatively 3 and 6 months after intervention using standardized ELISA assays. Statistical significance was set at p