Meningkatkan Kemampuan Kontak Mata Melalui Teknik DTT (Discrete Trial Training) pada Siswa Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (GSA)

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Discrete Trial Training (DTT) in improving eye contact ability in a student with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The research employed a quantitative approach using a Single Subject Research (SSR) design with an A–B model, consisting of a baseline phase and an intervention phase. The participant was a six-year-old female student diagnosed with ASD who exhibited significant difficulties in maintaining eye contact during social interactions. Data were collected through direct observation using a checklist-based performance test. During the baseline phase, the student’s eye contact ability was measured without any intervention, while during the intervention phase, DTT was implemented systematically through structured instructions, prompts, responses, and immediate reinforcement. Each session consisted of ten trials, and the data were analyzed using visual graphic analysis, including within-condition and between-condition analysis to examine trends, level changes, and data stability. The results indicated that eye contact ability remained low and stable during the baseline phase, but showed a consistent and substantial improvement during the intervention phase. The absence of data overlap between baseline and intervention phases demonstrated a clear functional relationship between the implementation of DTT and the improvement in eye contact behavior. In conclusion, Discrete Trial Training was found to be effective in increasing eye contact ability in a student with Autism Spectrum Disorder. These findings suggest that DTT can be used as a structured and practical intervention strategy to enhance basic social communication skills in students with ASD.