Comparative Perspective: Determining Liquidity and Leverage on Bank Profitability in Indonesia and Thailand for the Period 2015-2024

The study analyzes how Indonesia and Thailand banks’ profitability is influenced by liquidity and leverage. This quantitative comparative study utilizes data extracted from the annual financial reports of conventional commercial banks in both Indonesia and Thailand, covering the decade from 2015 to 2024. The data was collected using a purposive sampling technique for the sample, with the information sourced directly from the official websites of the OJK and the Bank of Thailand. To refine the study’s findings, firm size is incorporated as a control variable. Multiple linear regression is a data analysis method in this study to examine the relationships between variables. The findings reveal distinct patterns of profitability determinants between the two countries. In Indonesia profitability is more associated with leverage and firm size, while in Thailand it is jointly influenced by liquidity, leverage, and firm size.