Development and Application of the Water Supply Safety Index for Rural Communities (Isaar)

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop and apply a Rural Water Supply Safety Index (ISAAR) in rural communities, with the aim of assisting managers and decision-makers in evaluating water safety and preventing health hazards. Theoretical Framework: The ability of indices to synthesize information facilitates communication among users, making them important tools in planning, management, and decision-making processes. Method: The methodology adopted for this research includes the analysis of theoretical references and the use of Delphi questionnaires for the development of the ISAAR, which was carried out in three stages. After the creation of the ISAAR, it was applied in three communities in Espírito Santo, Brazil. Results and Discussion: The Delphi methodology and the digital form facilitated information collection and access to specialists in different regions. One of the challenges was participant adherence and engagement. The application of the ISAAR in the communities reflected the water safety conditions of these locations. Research Implications: The ISAAR can be used as a tool to assess treated water safety in rural communities and assist managers in decision-making. Originality/Value: This research is original because it develops a water safety index for rural areas where data and studies on health and sanitation are lacking, which would support the implementation of Water Safety Plans (WSP).