Floristic Composition, Population Structure, and Dynamics of a Secondary Forest Fragment in the Eastern Amazon, Pará, Brazil

Objective: This study aims to analyze the floristic composition, population structure, and temporal dynamics of a secondary forest fragment in São João de Pirabas, Pará, in order to understand its successional stage and the factors driving its regeneration. Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in studies on ecological succession, secondary forest dynamics, and remote sensing. Key contributions by Chazdon, Laurance, Poorter, and Almeida highlight natural regeneration patterns, floristic structure, and the use of NDVI for temporal assessment. Method: The study combined forest inventory, phytosociological analysis, diameter distribution, and processing of Landsat images (2004, 2015, 2024). NDVI, structural parameters, Shannon diversity index, and Pielou’s evenness were calculated to characterize the fragment. Results and Discussion: The dominance of Manilkara bidentata, Tapirira guianensis, and Symphonia globulifera indicates an intermediate successional stage. The inverted “J” diameter distribution suggests active recruitment. NDVI declined after 2004, indicating recent disturbances. Moderate diversity reflects a transitional successional phase. Research Implications: Findings support management, conservation, and ecological restoration strategies in Eastern Amazonia. Originality/Value: The study integrates floristic, structural, and temporal analyses in an underexplored area, offering a robust diagnosis of secondary forest regeneration.