Feasibility of Using Photovoltaic Power Plants in Public and Private Higher Education Institutions

Objective: To analyze the economic, technical, and environmental feasibility of implementing a photovoltaic power plant in a private higher education institution (HEI) located in the state of Minas Gerais, comparing its results with those of a public institution that already operates a photovoltaic system, IFSULDEMINAS. Theoretical Framework: This research is grounded in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with emphasis on SDG 7 – Affordable and Clean Energy, as well as studies on sustainability in higher education institutions, environmental management, renewable energy sources, and the economic and financial feasibility of photovoltaic systems. Method: Data were collected from the private HEI and from IFSULDEMINAS covering the period from 2021 to 2024, in addition to the analysis of economic indicators such as Payback, Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR), as well as estimates of environmental impacts. Results and Discussion: The implementation of the photovoltaic plant is economically viable in both institutions, with a payback period of less than eight years and an IRR higher than the minimum acceptable rate of return. A higher financial return was observed in the higher education institution (due to its greater energy demand) and a significant reduction in CO₂ emissions. Research Implications: The study provides support for energy planning and the adoption of sustainable practices in higher education institutions, contributing to strategic decision-making and sustainability policies. Originality/Value: The study contributes to the literature by comparatively addressing the feasibility of photovoltaic energy in public and private higher education institutions, an area still underexplored in the national context, reinforcing the relevance of clean energy in the education sector.