Mapping Four Decades of Corporate Sustainability: Global and LATAM Insights

Objective: This study maps the intellectual evolution of corporate sustainability (CS) over four decades and comparatively analyzes global and Latin American (LATAM) research trajectories to identify influential publications, thematic structures, and persistent conceptual gaps shaping the field. Theoretical Framework: CS is conceptualized as a multidimensional and context-dependent construct rooted in sustainable development (SD) and progressively aligned with ESG-oriented governance frameworks. Bibliometric analysis is employed to capture its structural consolidation and regional differentiation. Method: A mixed and sequential research design was applied, combining a Scopus-based bibliometric analysis with the Methodi Ordinatio procedure to prioritize high-impact publications, followed by hierarchical cluster analysis and qualitative content examination to contrast global and LATAM patterns. Results and Discussion: The findings reveal a globally consolidated research landscape characterized by governance integration, standardized ESG metrics, and data-driven accountability models. In contrast, LATAM research reflects a transitional trajectory from philanthropic orientations toward strategic governance-based sustainability models. Significant gaps persist in comparable metrics, small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) integration, regulatory harmonization, and longitudinal empirical evidence. Research Implications: The study provides strategic guidance for scholars and policymakers by identifying priority research frontiers and methodological standardization needs to strengthen CS implementation and SDG alignment, particularly within emerging economies. Originality/Value: By integrating long-term bibliometric mapping, impact prioritization, and cluster-based thematic interpretation, this study offers a comprehensive comparative framework that advances theoretical clarity and supports evidence-based sustainability governance agendas.