Automation of business processes in logistics: A strategic tool for improving supply chain efficiency

Subject. Automation of business processes in logistics as an essential strategic asset that determines the sustainability and effectiveness of supply chains. Objectives. Systematization of modern knowledge in the field of logistics automation, comprehensive analysis of the architecture and functionality of key classes of information systems (supply chain management, enterprise resources, warehouse, transport), development of a methodological approach to assessing their economic and operational effectiveness based on a system of key indicators and financial models. Methods. The research is based on the methods of system and comparative analysis, economic modeling and forecasting. The methodological basis was the works of leading domestic and foreign scientists in the field of logistics and supply chain management. Results. An evolutionary model of logistics is presented, and the transition to process-oriented management as the basis for automation is justified. A multi-criteria classification of automation systems is proposed. A comprehensive implementation efficiency assessment methodology has been developed that integrates operational and financial key performance indicators with formalized models for calculating net present value, payback period, and total cost of ownership. The concept of the "cost of inaction" is considered as a critical argument for investment. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the synthesis of the process approach and the financial and economic assessment apparatus into a single methodological apparatus, which allows us to move from point optimization of functions to strategic management of the end-to-end efficiency of logistics business processes.