Structure and dynamics of the Global Economy in the 21st century. XVI. The Donjon of the Global South: Changes in Composition and Unchanged Marker Countries in 2010-2024

The purpose of the research is to present a visual description of the Global South Donjon from 2010 to 2024, identifying changes in country composition and stable marker countries. The paper analyzes the distribution of countries across the Donjon’s structural elements (GS(m), GS(s), GS(st)), compiling lists of countries within each element and recording changes in their membership over time. Particular attention is paid to marker countries located on the Donjon’s perimeter, which demonstrate the stability of the structure despite changes in individual indices. The scientific novelty lies in identifying the combination of dynamism and stability within the Donjon as a statistically homogeneous and stable subset of countries in the Global South. The study demonstrated that the Donjon maintains its integrity and stability despite the shifts of individual countries, allowing, as a result, it to be used as a standard framework for describing the dynamics of the Global South and its structural elements.