Dyslipidemia and Metabolic Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Iraqi Women with Chronic Heart Disease: A Case-Control Study

Background: The main reason postmenopausal women die is cardiovascular disease; dyslipidemia is a major contributing factor. This study evaluates postmenopausal women with chronic heart disease (CHD) to clarify how changes in lipid profile affect disease progression. Methods: Case-control research is conducted on ninety 50–60-year-old women from Kirkuk, Iraq. 30 age-matched healthy controls were matched against 60 postmenopausal women diagnosed with CHD. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were determined using enzymatic spectrophotometry. Results: Postmenopausal CHD patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of total cholesterol (201.2 ± 40.08 mg/dL), TG (154.34 ± 44.90 mg/dL), LDL (129.62 ± 39.95 mg/dL), and VLDL (30.86 ± 8.98 mg/dL) compared to controls. HDL levels were significantly reduced (40.73 ± 9.28 mg/dL vs. 51.33 ± 6.26 mg/dL; p < 0.05). Conclusion: In postmenopausal women, dyslipidemia is significantly correlated with CHD, which underlines the importance of lipid monitoring and early treatment in this high-risk population.