Dynamic Data Driven Applications Systems (DDDAS) for Space Sensor Fusion

The Dynamic Data Driven Applications Systems (DDDAS) paradigm seeks to increase simulation fidelity by updating models with real-world multi-modal data collections. Throughout the many DDDAS examples, key contributions include aircraft structures design, space situation awareness, and information analysis for command and control. In the early 2010s, the DDDAS community debated the importance of a “dynamic” digital twin using the DDDAS approach which is popular today. Hence, the DDDAS digital twin concept captures the integration of different twin models for sensor systems and information fusion. This paper reviews the contributions of the DDDAS community focusing on contemporary space applications that utilize the fusion of sensory data to update awareness models of physical, virtual, and empirical systems. Use cases are provided highlighting sensor fusion for space applications to motivate future directions of DDDAS-based dynamic digital twins.