Aeroacoustics Simulations of Airframe Noise Using Cartesian-Grid-Based Compressible Flow Solver FFVHC-ACE

Airframe noise generated from a landing gear and high-lift devices is simulated using the Cartesian-grid-based compressible flow solver FFVHC-ACE. FFVHC-ACE enables high-fidelity wall-modeled large-eddy simulation (LES) of high-Reynolds-number compressible flows around complicated geometries, thanks to three essential numerical methods: hierarchical Cartesian grids, wall modeling in LES, and kinetic-energy and entropy preserving (KEEP) schemes. Power spectral density (PSD) of wall pressure is predicted by the wall-modeled LES using the FFVHC-ACE, while PSD of farfield pressure is predicted by the Ffowcs-Williams & Hawkings (FW-H) approach using the nearfield data on permeable surfaces. The predicted PSDs are compared with experimental data reported in the international workshop of benchmark for airframe noise computations (BANC), demonstrating the capability of the FFVHC-ACE in performing high-fidelity simulations of airframe noise.