Discrete Element Modeling of Nanoscratch Interface Testing for Functionalized Carbon Fibers

Functionalizing carbon fibers with nanomodifiers enables enhanced material properties with multifunctional effects. This study analyzes the interfacial adhesion properties of two nanomodifiers on carbon fiber. Each nanomodifier is prepared with low-temperature hydrothermal methods and characterized with scanning electron microscopy and nanoscratch testing. Furthermore, a Discrete Element Method (DEM) model is presented, providing insight into the mechanisms involved in nanoscratch delamination testing. DEM simulations provide qualitative agreement with experimental scratch tests but fail to achieve quantitative accuracy. The discrepancies arise primarily from factors such as mechanical interlocking and complex particle interactions following fracture. This work will provide insights into the performance of functionalized carbon fibers by using nanoscratch delamination testing and discrete modeling techniques.