Numerical Analysis of High-Speed Droplet Impingement

High-speed droplet impingement plays a critical role in aerospace applications, most notably in rain erosion of aircraft-surfaces and is governed by compressibility driven phenomena such as shock-wave formation and interfacial jetting. This study employs a two-dimensional direct numerical simulation framework, based on a thermodynamically consistent diffuse-interface model. It examines a 0.20 mm water droplet impacting a rigid wall at 500 m/s. The in-house diffuse-interface multiphase (DIMP) solver is validated against pressure profiles reported by Haller et al. [1]. Moreover, the post-processed pressure and Schlieren visualizations demonstrate the solver’s ability to capture shock detachment dynamics. This framework establishes a foundation for future incorporation of phase-change and cavitation effects under extreme impact conditions.