Posterior Versus Lateral Approach in Total Hip Replacement: A Comparative Study

Background: Total hip replacement (THR) is a highly successful surgical procedure for end-stage hip disorders. The posterior and lateral approaches are the most commonly used techniques, yet controversy persists regarding their comparative outcomes. Objectives: To compare posterior and lateral approaches in primary THR with respect to early functional outcome, perioperative parameters, and short-term complications. Methodology: This prospective comparative study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital over 4–6 months. A total of 100 patients undergoing primary THR were equally divided into posterior (n=50) and lateral (n=50) approach groups. Functional outcome was assessed using the Harris Hip Score (HHS). Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Appropriate statistical tests were applied. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in functional outcome. The posterior approach demonstrated slightly higher early HHS and lower incidence of abductor weakness. No dislocations were observed in either group. Conclusion: Both posterior and lateral approaches provide comparable short-term outcomes following THR. The posterior approach may offer better early functional recovery, while overall complication rates remain similar.