Retrospective Analysis on Acceptability and Complications of PPIUCD Insertion

Introduction: Unintended pregnancies significantly impact healthcare systems globally. Family planning can avert approximately one-third of maternal deaths and 10% of childhood mortality. Postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) insertion offers a safe, effective, and convenient long-term contraceptive solution immediately following delivery. This study aims to assess the acceptance of PPIUCD based on demographic factors and mode of delivery, while evaluating immediate complications. Methodology: This retrospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Silchar Medical College from January to December 2023. Data from 200 women who accepted PPIUCD (100 following vaginal delivery and 100 intra-caesarean) were analyzed. Follow-ups were conducted at 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months to monitor complications like pain, bleeding, and expulsion. Results: Acceptance of PPIUCD was significantly higher in the caesarean section (CS) group (41.2%) compared to the normal vaginal delivery (NVD) group (4.9%) (p < 0.001). Voluntary willingness was also higher in the CS group (60.2%) versus the NVD group (2.2%). Acceptance was highest among women aged 2125 and primipara mothers. Literate and urban-based women showed greater motivation. Regarding complications, the expulsion rate at 6 months was 6% in the CS group and 0% in the NVD group (p = 0.038). Other complications, including abdominal pain, menstrual irregularities, and abnormal discharge, showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups over the study period. Conclusion: PPIUCD is a safe and effective postpartum contraceptive method regardless of the mode of delivery. While complication rates are low, limited awareness and fear of side effects remain significant barriers to acceptance. Comprehensive antenatal counseling and family involvement are essential to dispelling misconceptions and improving utilization.