Dyslipidemia Incidence and Correlation in Patient Outcome Prediction a Cerebrovascular Accident Diagnosis: A Prospective Cross Sectional Analysis

Background: It has been stated that one of the risk factors for ischemic stroke is lipid abnormalities. Studies that compare a patient's lipid profile with their stroke pattern (hemorrhage and infarction) are scarce, nonetheless. Incidence and association of lipid abnormalities in patients with cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) were the focus of this investigation. Methods: Between October 2020 and March 2021, 127 participants were examined in the Department of Medicine at Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital in Laheriasarai, Bihar, after being split into Cases (n = 102, with CVA) and Controls (n = 25, without CVA). For every subject, a thorough history and lipid profile were documented. Each patient's brain CT/MRI was used to examine their stroke pattern. Results: The majority of respondents in the Cases and Control groups are between the ages of 61 and 85 (45.09%) and 41 and 60 (44%), respectively. The majority of patients in the Cases group were males (61.76%), while the majority of patients in the Control group were females (84%). Smokers made up the majority of the cases (53.92%). Infarction was more common among smokers in the Case group (55%) than hemorrhage (51%). The prevalence of dyslipidemia was higher in patients (56.86%) than in controls (28%; p=0.009). Compared to patients who had hemorrhage (45.94%), the majority of infarct patients (63.07%) had dyslipidemia. The primary cause of cases was a reduction in high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (74%), which was followed by a fall in total cholesterol (64%). 71.42% of the 14 patients in Cases who passed away had dyslipidemia. Conclusion: More often than hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke was associated with lower HDL levels. Dyslipidemia was most frequently observed in patients with stroke.