Study of Echocardiographic Changes in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Background: There is a substantial correlation between cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) frequently have left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and other echocardiographic abnormalities that can lead to poor cardiac outcomes. The purpose of this study is to assess the frequency, kind, and correlation between the severity of CKD and echocardiographic alterations in patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study, which involved 80 CKD patients who were at least 18 years old, was carried out at SKMCH in Muzaffarpur, Bihar, between June 2025 and November 2025. Individuals with chronic drinking, ischemic heart disease, valvular heart disease, and congenital heart disease were not included. LVH, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and pericardial effusion were evaluated by two-dimensional echocardiogram (2DECHO). To detect correlations between CKD stage and echocardiographic results, data were examined. Results: Participants were 60% male and 40% female, with an average age of 55.2±12.4 years. As the severity of CKD worsened, the prevalence of LVH rose as well: 35.7% in stage 3, 53.8% in stage 4, and 69.2% in stage 5. In CKD stages 3, 4, and 5, systolic dysfunction (LVEF