Association between Hypertension and Tinnitus: A Clinical Correlation Study

Background: Tinnitus represents a prevalent auditory symptom that significantly impacts quality of life, while hypertension constitutes a major global health burden with potential effects on cochlear microcirculation. The relationship between these conditions remains incompletely understood. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted with 286 participants (143 hypertensive patients and 143 age- and sex-matched normotensive controls) aged 35-70 years. Hypertension was classified according to current guidelines. Tinnitus presence, severity, and characteristics were assessed using standardized questionnaires and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). Audiometric evaluation and clinical data collection were performed. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, independent t-tests, and logistic regression. Results: Tinnitus prevalence was significantly higher in hypertensive patients (46.9%) compared to normotensive controls (28.7%) (p < 0.001). Mean THI scores were 38.4 ± 22.6 in hypertensive patients with tinnitus versus 26.8 ± 18.3 in normotensive participants with tinnitus (p = 0.003). Grade 2 hypertension showed the strongest association with tinnitus (OR = 3.45; 95% CI: 1.82-6.54; p < 0.001). The duration of hypertension significantly correlated with tinnitus severity (r = 0.418, p < 0.001). Bilateral tinnitus was more prevalent in hypertensive patients (68.7% vs 46.3%, p = 0.012). Conclusion: This study demonstrates a significant association between hypertension and increased tinnitus prevalence and severity. The findings suggest that hypertension assessment should be considered in tinnitus evaluation, and audiological monitoring may be warranted in hypertensive patients.