Evaluation of Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Impact on Metabolic Control

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is frequently associated with thyroid dysfunction due to their interrelated effects on metabolism. Thyroid abnormalities in diabetic patients may remain undiagnosed and can adversely affect glycemic control. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and to assess its impact on metabolic control. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Korba, Chhattisgarh, over a period of one year. A total of 100 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were enrolled. Clinical evaluation and laboratory investigations, including fasting blood glucose, post-prandial blood glucose, HbA1c, and thyroid profile (TSH, FT3, FT4), were performed. Thyroid status was categorised based on standard reference ranges. Glycemic control was assessed using HbA1c levels. Statistical analysis was carried out using appropriate tests, with p