COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN ANIMALS AFTER ABDOMINAL AORTIC REPLACEMENT

Background. This article discusses one of the most important problems of modern vascular surgery – the choice of plastic material for performing reconstructive surgical operations on the large vessels. Material and methods. The study was conducted on female mongrel white pigs (n = 12). The animals were divided into 2 groups: group 1 with implantation of a synthetic vascular prosthesis made of Dacron coated with modified gelatin, group 2 with implantation of a biological vascular graft made of bovine xenopericardium. The material for the pathomorphological study was explanted vascular grafts with abdominal aortic segments. Results. The total cellular response in the group of animals with implanted biological vascular graft from bovine xenopericardium was clinically and statistically significantly lower than in the group with synthetic vascular graft from Dacron. When analyzing the differences in individual components of the cellular infiltrate, it was found that 1 and 3 months after surgery, in the group of animals implanted with a synthetic vascular graft, there was more pronounced infiltration by lymphocytes, macrophages and giant multinucleated cells. After 6 months, in the group of animals with a synthetic vascular graft, there was also a more pronounced infiltration by lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells with cells penetrating between the fibers of the prosthesis. Conclusion. Thus, the severity of the cellular reaction is statistically and clinically significantly higher when using a synthetic vascular graft, which allows us to conclude that synthetic vascular graft has a greater irritating local effect compared to a biological graft.