An update of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase as a target for cardiac diseases.pdf

Cyclic nucleotides, cAMP, and cGMP, are important second messengers of intracellularsignaling and play crucial roles in cardiovascular biology and diseases. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases(PDEs) control the duration, magnitude, and compartmentalization of cyclic nucleotide signalingby catalyzing the hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides. Individual PDEs modulate distinct signaling pathwaysand biological functions in the cell, making it a potential therapeutic target for the treatment ofdifferent cardiovascular disorders. The clinical success of several PDE inhibitors has ignited continuedinterest in PDE inhibitors and in PDE-target therapeutic strategies.