Cognitive metaphor in scientific discourse and its functions

This article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the cognitive nature of metaphor in scientific discourse, namely its role in the study of artificial intelligence (AI), which is especially relevant in a situation of rapid development of AI and the expansion of its fields of application. Researchers at various levels have not unreasonably noted that cognitive metaphor is used to describe AI in texts of various genres, from fiction to science; however, most large-scale research in this field focuses on the description of AI in the media and popular culture. In this article, we decided to consider cognitive metaphors that are used in describing AI in scientific discourse, and find out what functions metaphorical models perform not only in describing complex AI concepts, but also in their cognitive processing, conceptualization, and determining the vector of scientific thought development. The purpose of this study is to identify the main cognitive metaphors used in describing AI, critically analyze their functional load, and study the specifics of their use in modern scientific discourse. One of the main research questions is to determine to what extent general metaphorical models are applicable to the scientific context and to identify the unique features of scientific cognitive metaphor. In the course of this work, we solved a number of tasks, namely: we conducted a detailed systematic analysis of modern scientific literature on AI, formulated a definition of cognitive metaphor, described its structure and method of education, and determined the functions of cognitive metaphor in language.; The role of cognitive metaphor in the language of a certain scientific field has been identified, and cognitive metaphors used in describing AI in the compiled corpus have been selected and analyzed using the methodology of J. R. R. Tolkien. Lakoff and M. Johnson. The theoretical basis of the research consists of scientific works by T. N. Vinokurova, V. P. Danilenko, L. M. Alekseeva, D. V. Vasilenko, S. V. Grinev-Grinevich, J. Lakoff, M. Johnson, P. Norvig, S. Russell, and other authors, as well as materials from the project “Portraits and perceptions of AI and why they matter”.