The impact of sanctions regimes on the spatial industrial development trajectories

The impact of sanctions on spatial industrial development has been analyzed. The dynamics of industrial production in 2024 in relation to the base level of 2021 has been estimated, both as a whole and in separate areas by the constituent entities. Special attention has been paid to regional production indices in the mining and food industry, oil refining, mechanical engineering, and metallurgy since they form the basis of the Russian and regional industrial sectors. It has been established that the sanctions have greatly aggravated the territorial differentiation of industrial development. In some regions, production has shown a multiple increase in individual industries, and in others, on the contrary, a decrease of a similar scale is demonstrated. This indicates the uneven and ambiguous effects of sanctions on the regional industry. A number of enterprises have been able to benefit from reduced import competition and benefit from government support through import substitution programs. Other enterprises have not been able to find the best way out of the current situation. As a result, there is a significant gap in industrial development among the regions, which has increased significantly over the past three years.