What is conservation chemistry?

Conservation chemistry is an emerging discipline focused on preventing the loss of biodiversity through molecular-level insight and intervention. As the planet enters a mass extinction event – driven by pollution, habitat loss, invasive species, climate change, overharvesting, and disease – chemical sciences offer unique tools for diagnostics, treatment, and restoration. This Perspective defines the fundamental tenets of conservation chemistry, illustrates how chemical interventions can address key drivers of extinction, and highlights the importance of ethical considerations. By integrating advances from medicinal, analytical, green, environmental and synthetic chemistry, conservation chemistry can complement traditional biology and deliver targeted solutions that improve the status of endangered species and ecosystem health.