Modern Political Science Approaches of China and India to Understanding the Role of International Organizations

This paper examines the role of international organizations within various theoretical paradigms of international relations, with a particular focus on non-Western approaches. The study aims to analyze how cultural and historical contexts shape alternative theories. The contemporary Chinese school of international relations encompasses three main theoretical frameworks regarding the organization of the global political landscape, exploring the role of international organizations as actors in world politics: the concept of a global institution, the theory of moral realism, and the relational theory of world politics. Indian theories of international relations offer diverse perspectives on the role of international organizations, viewing them as essential tools for achieving peaceful conflict resolution and multilateral cooperation (Nehruvianism), advocating for principles of nonviolence and harmony among peoples (Gandhism), considering these organizations as platforms for promoting moral and ethical standards (political Hinduism), or emphasizing that these institutions often reflect the interests of more powerful states (hyperrealism). The research highlights the necessity for reforming international organizations and underscores the importance of global cooperation.