ADVANCES IN SEMICONDUCTOR SINGLE CRYSTALS FOR THERMOELECTRIC APPLICATIONS

Thermoelectric single crystals have garnered significant attention in the development of energy-efficient technologies due to their unique ability to directly convert heat into electricity and vice versa. These materials typically exhibit high carrier mobility and high-power factor, resulting in superior thermoelectric performance compared to their polycrystalline counterparts. Commercially available single crystals such as bismuth telluride (Bi2 Te3 ), lead telluride (PbTe), and tin selenide (SnSe) are widely employed in thermoelectric power generation and cooling applications. They play a crucial role in systems for waste heat recovery, space power generation, precision electronic cooling, and temperature sensing. Their inherent anisotropy allows for targeted optimization to meet specific temperature ranges and application demands. This chapter focuses on the thermoelectric properties and applications of emerging single-crystal materials, including Ag8 SnSe6 , GeTe, SiGe, and silicon (Si). Detailed discussions are presented on their growth techniques, doping strategies, and potential for integration into next-generation thermoelectric systems. The insights provided aim to contribute to the ongoing advancement of sustainable energy technologies and the enhancement of efficiency in electronic and aerospace systems.