SINGLE CRYSTAL PEROVSKITE FOR SOLAR CELL APPLICATIONS

Single-Crystal Perovskites (SCP) have emerged as a transformative class of materials for next-generation photovoltaic technologies. Owing to their superior optoelectronic properties, including low trap-state density, long carrier diffusion lengths, and high charge carrier mobilities, these materials offer the potential to overcome the fundamental limitations of conventional polycrystalline perovskite films. This chapter explores various crystal growth techniques suited for hybrid organic inorganic halide perovskites, such as Inverse Temperature Crystallization (ITC), Antisolvent Vapor-Assisted Crystallization (AVC), and Space-Limited Crystallization. Each method is critically analyzed in terms of crystal quality, thickness control, scalability, and compatibility with solar cell architectures. The chapter also contrasts these techniques with conventional thin-film deposition methods like spin coating, blade coating, and vapor deposition, highlighting how grain boundaries, surface roughness, and phase instability limit device performance in polycrystalline films. Single-crystal perovskites eliminate these issues and exhibit superior stability under thermal, light, and electrical stress, making them especially suitable for fundamental studies, high-efficiency niche devices, and potentially long-lifetime commercial applications. Despite challenges in large-area fabrication and integration with flexible or tandem architectures, the unique advantages of single-crystal perovskites, such as their near-radiative-limit performance and tunable optoelectronic properties, position them as a transformative material system for the future of photovoltaics. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of their growth methods, key material properties, and application strategies, offering insights into their current status, technical challenges, and prospects in scalable solar cell technologies.