Textured high-density polyethylene geomembranes in geotechnical and environmental engineering: an overview

Textured high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembranes are widely used as liners in environmental containment systems, particularly in mining facilities and sanitary landfills. Their textured surfaces enhance interface friction, improving the mechanical stability of geosynthetic barrier systems. This article presents a comprehensive review of their applications, interface behavior, and long-term performance, with emphasis on durability. Key manufacturing processes and technological advances, including conductive, Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol (EVOH), and colored layers, are discussed. Beyond manufacturing aspects, installation quality is also addressed, emphasizing that proper welding procedures, certified installers, and field quality control are essential to ensure long-term performance and minimize premature failures. Although various texturing methods are employed, the literature still lacks systematic comparative studies that isolate variables such as asperity height, which limits understanding of how manufacturing processes influence interface behavior. Furthermore, recent findings suggest that surface texturing, depending on material formulation and exposure conditions, may accelerate antioxidant depletion, potentially affecting service life. Field exposure and exhumation studies remain scarce, yet they are fundamental for validating laboratory predictions and refining design approaches. The findings highlight the need for standardized testing protocols and long-term studies tailored to the environmental conditions under which textured HDPE geomembranes are exposed. Overall, the information presented herein provides both scientific insight and practical guidance for the selection of materials and installation practices that ensure the long-term durability of geotechnical and environmental barrier systems.