Assessing the Accuracy of Vegetation Indices Using SoPI and Sentinel-2 Images: Case Study of the Loma Alta Reserve, Santa Elena

This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of vegetation indices generated using the SoPI software, based on Sentinel-2 imagery collected between 2020 and 2024. Following a structured methodological framework, the process included the selection and acquisition of satellite images, image processing, generation of NDVI maps and histograms, spatial adjustment of outputs to the study area, and the subsequent analysis and interpretation of results. The NDVI was derived from spectral bands obtained through the Copernicus Open Access Hub, and the outputs generated with SoPI were compared with the official NDVI products available via the Copernicus Browser using histogram-based analysis. Furthermore, the temporal variability of vegetation indices was examined using four satellite images captured on distinct dates, focusing on the Loma Alta Communal Ecological Reserve, located in Santa Elena, Ecuador. This analysis aimed to identify correlations between the indices and seasonal vegetation dynamics characteristic of the region, while also contextualizing the findings in light of existing literature. Overall, the study contributes to vegetation monitoring efforts in protected ecosystems by validating the reliability and applicability of SoPI.