Constitution-making in South Sudan: Issues of self-determination

A constitution defines the fundamental premises for power in a state. It can be called a ‘social contract’ specifying how humans within a territory choose to organise their society. In a multi-ethnic country like South Sudan, ethnic identity is a key part of the self-determination (or internal autonomy) of the various peoples. Thus, a constitution may enjoy broad support from all ethnic groups if they all feel that their voice, their interests, and their will are accounted for. After all, a constitution is a recollection of people’s aspirations in regard to governance, the economy, culture, language, and values. This chapter argues that constitution-making is a critical continuation of the selfdetermination journey of the people of South Sudan insofar as it aims to build a just, prosperous and equitable country. Its making should therefore be as inclusive as possible, with particular attention being paid to ethnic nations’ views, aspirations and interests.