Assessment of the nature of the interaction of heterogeneous organisms in the Picea abies – ectomycorrhizal fungi system

The work gives an idea of the anatomical changes taking place in the root endings of Picea abies during the introduction of the mushroom component. The lignification and suberization of primary cortical tissues with barrier and protective functions are asynchronous. The main functional messengers of the molecular consolidation system are contained in the ectoderm and mesoderm, but are absent in the barrier cells of the endoderm. Pelotons are found in the passage cells of the endoderm, in the parenchyma of the axial cylinder, and are visual indicators of the functional activity of the mycorrhizal root end. Based on the use of microscopy, instrumental chemical analysis, modeling, and the comparative method, a possible model for the consolidation of heterogeneous organisms in the model system “ Picea abies – ectomycorrhizal fungi” has been presented. Fine molecular adjustments of various types of radial transport of substances, exchange of biopolymers of the group of nitrogen-containing polysaccharides, create the driving force for changing the properties of the upper soil profile in the projection of the crown of Picea abies . The carried research can be used to further study the reasons for the formation of the modern distribution area of the Picea abies in Belarus.